A meta-analysis is a statistical technique used to integrate data from many studies. By putting the data together, a meta-analysis creates a more comprehensive understanding of the data and reconciles studies with contradictory outcomes.
This meta-analysis, Social reactions to disclosure of interpersonal violence and psychopathology: A systematic review and meta-analysis collected and encoded data from 51 sources with quantitative assessments of social reactions to interpersonal violence and following psychopathology.
Interpersonal violence includes adolescent/adult sexual assault, childhood sexual assault, lifetime sexual assault, and intimate partner violence.
Psychopathology includes depression, anxiety, and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse and general distress.
Negative reactions include treating the survivor differently or stigmatizing them, distraction reactions, egocentric reactions, turning against the survivor, controlling the survivor, victim blaming, and unsupportive acknowledgement.
Positive reactions include belief, emotional support and tangible aid.
There were some moderators in this study including the age of the survivor, the source of the reaction, the kind of violence, how many people the survivor told and who the survivor told.
Most studies in this meta-analysis did not look at the effect of negative social reactions across demographics. In those that did, marginalized groups were more likely to have negative outcomes.
Most studies focused on women, leaving questions about the role of gender unanswered.
Dworkin, E. R., Brill, C. D., & Ullman, S. E. (2019). Social reactions to disclosure of interpersonal violence and psychopathology: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 72, Article 101750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101750
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